When approaching other vessels in restricted visibility, what is the master's responsibility?

• A. Rely solely on automatic radar plotting.
• B. Stop the vessel immediately regardless of distance.
• C. Maintain proper lookout, use signals, and adjust speed and course to avoid collisions.
• D. Ignore signals to preserve momentum.

Answer: (C)

The key idea is that in restricted visibility a vessel must be driven by vigilant watchkeeping and proactive maneuvering to prevent collisions. The master must maintain a proper lookout by sight and hearing and use every available means—radar, AIS, sound signals, and communications—to assess the risk of collision. If there is any danger, actions should be taken early and decisively: adjust speed and course as needed and use signals to clearly indicate your intended maneuver so others can anticipate your actions. This combination of constant vigilance, clear signaling, and well-timed course or speed changes is how collision risk is effectively managed in limited visibility. Relying solely on radar neglects the essential lookout, stopping regardless of distance can be unsafe or impractical, and ignoring signals undermines coordination with other vessels.